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The flu vaccine has dramatic impacts on public health.

Flu Shot: It's That Time Again

By Dr. Everett LammPrint Story | Email Story

With flu season around the corner, your health care providers, employers, pharmacists and others are sounding the annual reminder: "Get your annual flu shot." We encourage this for you — and for the people around you, too. We see evidence every year of the benefits of the flu vaccine, and we also see the risks of skipping it.

The flu vaccine has dramatic impacts on public health. However, since strains of the flu may vary from year to year, the vaccine must be received annually. Although the vaccine doesn't guarantee a flu-free winter and perfect health, medical research has convincingly shown that the flu shot reduces flu severity and reduces sick visits, hospitalizations and intensive care admissions. For infants and the elderly and those with compromised immune systems, the flu shot is essential protection against serious illness.

Although Massachusetts has historically ranked high in its overall immunization rates —  50 percent of all residents received vaccines in 2015-16 flu season — that percentage dropped from 55 percent the year before. The lowest rates of vaccination are in residents 18-49 — 40 percent for the 2015-16 season, but vaccine rates for all age groups (except young children) dropped slightly as well.

Some people have medical reasons for being unable to have the shot, but others go without by choice. Why? They may feel confident in their own good health and their body's ability to ward off illness. They may be skeptical about vaccines in general. However, skipping the flu vaccine means taking an unnecessary risk – for yourself and others whom you care for or work with, or who may be more vulnerable than you to illness.

Here's what we know about the flu vaccine from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC):

* During flu seasons when the vaccine is well-matched with flu strains that are circulating, the vaccine is shown to reduce the need for flu-related medical visits by 30 to 60 percent.

* During the 2016-17 flu season, the vaccine prevented an estimated 5.3 million flu illnesses, 2.6 million medical visits for the flu and 85,000 flu-related hospitalizations.

* The vaccine reduces the severity of flu symptoms for those who may get sick, and reduces hospital-based Intensive Care Unit admissions related to the flu.

* The flu vaccine is a preventive measure for people with other chronic illnesses, such as cardiac, diabetes and lung diseases.

* Children and pregnant women are especially susceptible to complications from the flu. The vaccine has repeatedly reduced the risk of flu-related deaths among children by 50 percent.

In addition, if you are exposed to someone else who has the flu virus, you may not get sick, but you can pass on the virus to others. Do you have a young child? Do you care for an elderly relative or a chronically sick friend? Are you a teacher or a health care provider?

It is true that flu vaccines are not foolproof. Flu strains may differ from year to year and efforts to keep up with its changing characteristics are not 100 percent effective.

Some myths and misinformation are "out there" — even one claiming that the flu shot causes the flu. This is unequivocally false. In fact, flu vaccines are "inactivated," which means they contain no actual influenza (flu) virus at all. If someone falls ill after getting a flu shot, there are several explanations:

* The flu shot takes about two weeks to take full protective effect. A person can get the flu during this period.

* If someone was exposed to the flu just prior to getting the flu shot, he or she might coincidentally get sick around the time of a vaccine.

* Just because someone gets sick, does not mean that influenza ("the flu") is the culprit. There are many other non-flu illnesses that can be contracted. This is the time of year for increased respiratory illnesses and pneumonia.

* There are some outlying strains of the flu not covered by the typical flu shot. Unfortunately it is possible to contract one of these non-vaccine containing flu strains.

To protect your health and those around you – loved ones, friends, co-workers – please take the preventive step of getting your flu shot this season. You could save a life by doing so – and reduce your own risk of contracting the miserable and dangerous flu virus.

Dr. Everett Lamm is the chief medical officer of Community Health Programs.

 





Tags: CHP,   flu,   


BRTA Hears From New ITS System to Help With Rides

By Breanna SteeleiBerkshires Staff

PITTSFIELD, Mass. — The Berkshire Regional Transit Authority heard from an "intelligent transportation system" company on what it can bring to the bus service.

Spare Labs presented to the board last week, showcasing its platform for demand-response services, fixed-route information, service planning, and rider engagement. 

Spare representatives said the company has been working with transit authorities across the state and hope to "de-risk" the service with software changes.

"We know how tough it is to make a software change. It's no small feat. We've done it quite a few times in the states, so you're now working off of a blank piece of paper. We understand what your partners have done, positives and negatives, so you're building with that in mind," said senior growth manager Joshua Bethel.

Bethel emphasized a hands-on implementation where they will work with BRTA staff to prepare data, test the system, train dispatchers, drivers, and administrators, and help with rider communications.

"One example of how we've de-risked is the MBTA, one of the largest paratransit services [The Ride] in North America. In their switch to Spare, they saw immediate results. So our kind of implementation process is extremely white glove," he said. "We like to get in the trenches. We like to be with you on site, opening up a lot of times. We're here 4 a.m. when the days open, working with you. So look at this as an active partnership." 

Bethel gave an example on how the system helped the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority with a training approach.

"Internally, every stakeholder will have some type of training, whether it's a dispatcher, a driver, admins. You all will have some level of training and different permissions in the system. Because of that approach, MBTA saw immediate great results," he said. "Their on-time performance pre-spare was 88 percent. Within 24 hours of launch, they were up to 95 percent, and they are continuing to grow."

Spare described several ways riders could interact with the system — a BRTA-branded smartphone app, online booking through a web portal, phone booking with a human dispatcher, text-based interactions, and an AI phone agent for routine requests, such as booking, canceling, or checking the status of a trip.

"One of the biggest differences that riders will see is everything will truly be at their fingertips, and we have multiple ways we're going to stay up to date based on what's available to them, we obviously will have a router app on the smartphone, but we offer availabilities for people who don't have that," Bethel said. "So, for someone who doesn't have a smartphone but they have access to a computer, we have a webbooker. For someone who doesn't have access to a computer but they need to call in, we also will be teaming what you have from a dispatcher standpoint. We also offer an AI call taker who can answer frequently asked questions, and when wait time is too hard, too high, automatically clicks in and says, 'Hey, this is the final wait time. You can call, you can cancel.' So effectively, with the technology, you can reduce wait times as you grow."

Their platform could also account for rider accessibility needs when matching trips to vehicles and could flag cases where a rider's booking did not reflect their usual needs. It can also have caregivers and others book on a rider's behalf if need be for medical appointments and more.

Earlier in the meeting, BRTA Deputy Manager Benjamin Hansen spoke on the ridership numbers citing inaccurate data on how many are riding because of the outdated system. Their system will be able to know in real time when a passenger boards and when one gets off. 

Spare also described tools intended to support route and demand-response planning, including; reporting by route, stop, time of day, and rider; integrations with passenger counting hardware and other systems; real-time vehicle and trip information; traffic-aware routing, which could use Google traffic data; and alerts for unusual patterns or apparent data discrepancies.

They said data could be brought into the platform from existing hardware and configured into reports for BRTA. The Spare team would work with BRTA during implementation to decide which data to import and which measures the agency needs. 

Many of the questions posed by the board were about the selling of data and how rider data is protected. Spare representatives said the company does not sell rider data and that BRTA would control the permissions as the data would belong to BRTA. As for a government agency asking for the data, they were unsure and said they would have to verify the rules for sharing information, but added they are compliant with the Americans With Disabilities Act and federal and state law. 

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