MassWildlife: Autumn Underwater

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Leaves are piling up and the nights are growing chilly, unmistakable signs that autumn has arrived. While the season's changes are easy to spot on land, quieter transformations are happening in the ponds, lakes, and rivers across Massachusetts. Beneath the surface, freshwater fish are shifting their behavior in response to cooler water and shorter days. 
 
Seasonal changes in water temperature and oxygen levels have a powerful effect on freshwater fish. Because they're cold-blooded, the surrounding water regulates their body temperature, metabolism, and activity. In general, warm water speeds up their metabolism, while cooler water slows it down. But despite the falling temperatures, many freshwater fish become more active in the fall. 
 
Signaled by the decrease in day length, fish begin feeding heavily to build up fat for the long winter. Feeding strategies used in the summer may also begin to shift. To conserve energy while still gaining calories, predators like largemouth bass stop chasing quick, small baitfish and favor larger prey for a bigger payoff. Bass, northern pike, and pickerel often gather around remaining weed beds, drop-offs, or currents to wait for an easy meal. 
 
As temperatures drop and aquatic plants die back, the water holds more oxygen and maintains steadier oxygen levels. This allows fish to feed actively in various areas of a waterbody throughout the day and night. Coldwater fish, like trout, are no longer confined to deeper waters and can spread out across a waterbody. Warmwater fish like bass, pickerel, crappie, and bluegill, spend time in shallower areas, especially late in the day when the water temperatures are higher. 
 
As you layer up and head out this fall, remember that the fish are making their own seasonal adjustments too. If you like to fish but have never thought of fall as prime fishing season—it's time to reconsider! Equipped with the knowledge of these seasonal shifts in fish behavior, and these tips for fall fishing, you can take full advantage of one of the most rewarding times of year to cast a line. 

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Fenton: Governor's Council Must Deliver for the Berkshires

Community submissionGuest Column
I am a Springfield lawyer running for Governor's Council and I am asking for Berkshire County residents to support me over an incumbent from North Adams. 
 
Here's why: Last year I learned about staffing issues in our regional courts that I could not ignore. In 2025, it was reported that four of Western Massachusetts' 11 Superior Court judgeships were vacant, all at the same time. A few weeks later, that grew to five vacancies. This meant there were only six Superior Court judges serving all of Western Mass at a time when Berkshire, Hampshire, Franklin, and Hampden counties had more than 100 pending homicide cases. 
 
Those numbers were alarming to me, so I started to engage with leaders in the community who work most closely with the court system and I came to learn that these vacancies were only the tip of the iceberg here in Berkshire County.
 
I learned that no Superior Court or District Court judge had been appointed from the Berkshires since the current incumbent took office. As a result, there is not a single Superior Court judge who lives in the Berkshires today, and several of the District Court judges drive in from other counties to support Berkshire courts in Pittsfield, Great Barrington, and North Adams. Court staff also informed me about severe staffing shortages at the Berkshire Clerk of Courts office resulting in other counties needing to loan staff to the Berkshires just so hardworking employees can take a brief and planned summer vacation. This is not normal. These issues are a reflection of genuine problems with the Berkshire County court system and show a lack of proactive attention from our Governor's Councilor.
 
Instead of focusing on regional equity, I watched as the current incumbent celebrated that she has voted against the governor's nominees more than any other councilor, without much explanation as to why. Most recently, she voted against two extremely qualified former prosecutors for the Parole Board. This was despite an in-person plea from the governor and a letter of support from all the three of the district attorney's from Western Mass. Those votes do not show independence or standing up for principles, they demonstrate naivete, and an unwillingness to work with the key stakeholders.
 
I had seen and heard enough. I decided to jump in the race and challenge the incumbent to address these problems head-on.
 
I am a partner of a regional law firm. I understand our courts and the importance of having qualified, fair and hardworking judges. And I know how important it is to have judges from the Berkshires serving the Berkshires. To achieve that, you need strong relationships with the legal community and local stakeholders. You need to know how to use the power of the Governor's Council to fight forcefully for our region. And you need to be laser focused on identifying vacancies before they occur so that they can be filled quickly with local candidates.
 
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